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William C. Cramer
William Cato Cramer, Sr., known as Bill Cramer (August 4, 1922 – October 18, 2003), was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida, having served consecutively from 1955 to 1971. He was the first Florida Republican elected to Congress since 1880, shortly after the close of Reconstruction.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Wolfgang Saxon, "William C. Cramer, 81, a Leader of G.O.P. Resurgence in South", October 27, 2003 )〕
==Background==
Cramer was born in Denver, Colorado; when he was three years old his parents relocated to St. Petersburg, currently the fourth largest city in Florida, located on the Gulf Coast in Pinellas County. There he attended public schools and graduated from St. Petersburg High School, where he waged his first political campaigns in student government. He then attended St. Petersburg Junior College, the first public community college in Florida. Cramer's roots were anchored in the Christian work ethic: as a teenager, he sold fruit, flowers, and candy and worked as a grocery clerk and a theater usher. Before he entered the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, he was a bellhop at a resort hotel in North Carolina. When he first ran for office, some voters still recalled him affectionately as "the orange boy."〔Billy Hathorn, "Cramer v. Kirk: The Florida Republican Schism of 1970," ''The Florida Historical Quarterly'', LXVII, No. 4 (April 1990), p. 404〕
In 1943, Cramer enlisted in the United States Navy and served as a gunnery officer in the liberation of France during World War II. He served in the United States Naval Reserve until 1946.〔William C. Cramer, ''Biographical Directory of the United States Congress'', p. 697〕 That same year, Cramer graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of North Carolina. In 1948, he graduated from Harvard Law School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and entered the private practice of law in St. Petersburg. In 1949, Cramer switched his partisan affiliation from Democratic to Republican at the urging of his law partner, Herman Goldner, the mayor of St. Petersburg. At the time statewide voter registration in Florida was some fourteen-to-one Democratic.〔"Cramer v. Kirk", p. 404〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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